What is Bittensor (TAO)?
Picture a never-ending artificial intelligence contest, open to everyone. Thousands of participants run AI, the network scores their work non-stop, and the best get paid in TAO, Bittensor's crypto. Nobody owns the service: the whole network provides it.
Bittensor in 3 steps
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01One AI need = one subnet
Answering questions, creating images, renting graphics cards… each service has its own subnet.
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02Participants compete
Anyone can offer their work. The network scores it non-stop and keeps the best.
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03The best get paid
They receive the subnet's token. These tokens trade freely: you can bet on the AI services that will win.
A simple comparison
Pays computers to keep a big ledger of payments up to date.
Pays computers to produce artificial intelligence: answering like ChatGPT, creating images like Midjourney, renting graphics cards like Amazon Web Services… Each service is a subnet (a "sub-network") with its own contest.
Who does what?
Hover a role (or tap it) to see what it does, and where it sits in the diagram. They do the job: run an AI model, provide computing power, produce forecasts or data. They test miners non-stop and give them a score. The better a miner, the more it earns. They create a subnet and set its rules: what work to do and how to score it. They put their TAO behind a validator or a subnet they believe in, and earn a share of the rewards.
TAO and the subnet tokens
TAO is the currency of the whole network. On top of that, each subnet has its own token (called "alpha"), bought with TAO.
It's a bit as if every AI service had its own stock: if many people believe in a subnet and buy its token, the price goes up, and the network sends it more rewards. The market decides which AI services deserve funding.
What is it actually used for?
Subnets cover almost everything AI does today:
Decentralized AI Inference
13 subnetsWhen you ask an AI a question, a computer somewhere has to run the model to answer. These subnets do that job, like ChatGPT's API, but on thousands of independent computers.
Like:


OpenAI API, Together AI, Groq
Decentralized GPU Compute
8 subnetsRenting computing power (graphics cards) by the hour to run or train AI, like on Amazon Web Services, but from an open network of providers.
Like:


Amazon Web Services, CoreWeave, RunPod
Decentralized AI Training
14 subnetsBuilding and improving AI models. Instead of a single lab, people all over the world compete to produce the best model.
Like:


OpenAI, Mistral AI, Hugging Face
Decentralized Data & Search
7 subnetsCollecting, cleaning and searching the information AI needs: web pages, social networks, labelled examples.
Like:


Scale AI, Bright Data, Perplexity
Decentralized AI Agents & Coding
10 subnetsAIs that don't just answer but act: write code, do research, complete a task from start to finish, like an autonomous assistant.
Like:


Claude Code, Devin, Cursor
Decentralized Finance & Prediction AI
16 subnetsPredicting the future: crypto prices, event outcomes, trading signals. The best forecasters get rewarded.
Like:


Bloomberg Terminal, Kalshi, Numerai
Decentralized AI Security & Safety
9 subnetsSpotting what is fake or dangerous: deepfakes, AI-written text, security holes in code.
Like:

Reality Defender, GPTZero, HackerOne
Decentralized AI for Science & Health
8 subnetsAI for research: finding new medicines, reading DNA, forecasting the weather, solving maths.
Like:


AlphaFold (Google DeepMind), Recursion, Insilico Medicine
Decentralized Generative Media & Vision
10 subnetsCreating and understanding images, videos and 3D objects with AI, like Midjourney does.
Like:


Midjourney, Runway, Adobe Firefly
Decentralized Storage & Network Infrastructure
5 subnetsThe pipes of the internet: storing files, moving data around, private connections.
Like:

Dropbox, Cloudflare, NordVPN
Decentralized Robotics & Physical AI
5 subnetsTeaching robots and cars to understand and move around in the real world.
Like:


Waymo, Figure, NVIDIA Isaac
How much TAO is there?
Like Bitcoin, there will never be more than 21 million TAO. About 11,612,130 TAO already exist.
Every so often, the amount of new TAO created each day is cut in half: that's the halving. The first one happened on December 14, 2025. The next one will happen once 15,750,000 TAO have been created, probably around December 2029 at the current pace.
How to take part
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01Buy and stake
Buy TAO, then put it behind a validator or into the subnets you believe in.
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02Use the services
Many subnets already sell what they produce: Chutes and engy give access to AI models like ChatGPT's API, often cheaper, and lium.io rents out graphics cards by the hour.
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03Mine
Run your own machines on a subnet that fits your hardware.
Words to know
- TAO
- Bittensor's crypto. It pays participants and buys subnet tokens.
- Subnet
- An AI service inside Bittensor (a chatbot, compute, forecasts…), with its own contest.
- Alpha
- Each subnet's own token, traded against TAO.
- Miner
- Whoever does a subnet's work and gets paid for its quality.
- Validator
- Whoever scores the miners' work.
- Staking
- Putting your TAO behind a validator or a subnet to earn a share of the rewards.
- Halving
- When the creation of new TAO is cut in half.
- Market cap
- A token's total value: its price × the number of tokens in circulation.
Bittensor FAQ
What is Bittensor?
What is the TAO crypto?
What is a Bittensor subnet?
How many Bittensor subnets are there?
What is Dynamic TAO (dTAO)?
When is the next Bittensor halving?
Going further: the technical details
Bittensor runs its own blockchain, Subtensor, built with Substrate. A block is produced every ~12 seconds.
Validators set weights on miners; Yuma Consensus combines them by each validator's stake to set the rewards. They are paid out every tempo (360 blocks, about 72 minutes) and split 41% to miners, 41% to validators and their stakers, 18% to the owner.
Since Dynamic TAO (dTAO), each subnet has an on-chain TAO/alpha liquidity pool: staking into a subnet means buying its alpha from that pool. Each subnet's share of emissions depends on the average price of its alpha.
The first halving (December 14, 2025) cut emissions from 1 to 0.5 TAO per block. Halvings are triggered by total issuance, not by a date; recycled TAO (e.g. registration fees) is removed from issuance, which pushes the halving back (next step: 0.25 TAO per block).